process in system operation computer

Process

Processor executes computer programs. Processor is a chip in a computer system that runs the program instructions computer. In every second the processor can run millions of instructions.

The program is a series of instructions given to a computer. While the process is a part of the program at a certain status in a series of execution. In the discussion Operating System, we more often discuss the process compared with the program. In a modern operating system, at one time not all programs loaded in memory, but only one portion of the program. While other parts of the program remains rest in disk storage media. Only in times of need alone, part of the program is loaded in memory and executed by the processor. This is very save memory consumption.

Some systems run only a single process at a time, while others run a multi-process at a time. Whereas most computer systems have only one processor, and a processor can only run one instruction at a time. So how a single processor system can run multi-process? Surely, in a very small granularity, the processor only runs one process at a time, then quickly he moved to run other processes, and so on. Thus for the vision and sense of human users, as if the processor run several processes simultaneously.

Each process in an operating system to get a PCB (Process Control Block) which includes information about the process, namely: an identification process (Process ID) a unique identity and the number, status of the process, the process execution priority and location information in the memory process . Priority process is a value or quantity that indicates how often the process should be executed by the processor. The process that has a higher priority, will run more often or executed earlier than the process of lower priority. An operating system can only determine all processes with the same priority, so that each process has the same opportunity. An operating system can also change the priority value of a particular process, that process will be able to have a greater chance at the next execution (eg: the process was far too long waiting for execution, the operating system increase the value of priority).